对外汉语教学中汉英指称动物词汇的差异
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目 录
引 言 1
一、指称动物词汇在对外汉语教学中的重要性 2
（一）案例分析 2
（二）重要性分析 2
二、指称动物词汇的分类探讨 4
（一）英语和汉语中文化意义相同或相近的词语 4
（二）英语和汉语中文化意义相反或相悖的词语 6
（三）汉语文化含义在英语中缺失的词语 10
三、指称动物词汇可能产生偏误的原因 12
（一）文化背景的差异 12
1.宗教、文学以及历史故事等差异 12
2.文化寓意与动物自身的特点不符 13
（二）教学中的缺失 13
1.文化课教学缺少规范化 14
2.动物词汇学习方式枯燥 14
四、汉英指称动物词汇的规律 15
（一）相似性 15
（二）互补性 15
（三）差异性 15
五、本研究对对外汉语教学的建议 16
（一）强化语义教学 16
1.语义讲解须追根溯源 16
2.语义讲解全面、系统 16
（二）加强动物词语文化教学 16
1.文化课中的动物文化教学 17
2.语言课中的动物文化教学 17
（三）改善教学方法 17
1.丰富教学手段 17
2.清楚学生定位 18
结论 19
参考文献 20
摘 要: 留学生在习得指称动物词汇的过程中容易出现偏误问题。根据相关研究，留学生在习得指称动物词汇的过程中可腀@鱿值钠罂梢苑治率?种类型：英语和汉语中文化意义基本相同或相近的词语、英语和汉语中文化意义相反或相悖的词语以及汉语文化含义在英语中缺失的词语。其中，后两类是偏误频发的教学重点及难点。根据现有的研究，母语负迁移是留学生汉语习得过程中最大的障碍。其源自于不同的文化背景和英汉两种语言间的差异，以及目前指称动物词语文化含义在教学中的缺失等。针对这种情况，本文尝试提供一些具体的教学建议，以供对外汉语教学者参考一二。
关键词：动物词汇 类别 偏误 原因
A Tentative Discussion on the Difference of Chinese—English Animal Words in the Teaching of TCFL
Abstract: In the process of acquisition of animal words, foreign students are prone to bias. According to correlated studies, the bias maybe divides into three types as follows : Animal words whose cultural meaning is basically the same or similar in English and Chinese; animal words whose cultural meaning is contrary in English and Chinese and animal words which have Chinese cultural meaning but not have English cultural meaning. Among them, the survey results show that the latter two categories are the bias frequency and the teaching priorities and difficulties. According to existing research, the negative transfer is the biggest obstacle to foreign students' acquisition process. The bias is mainly due to the differences of different cultural backgrounds and linguistic characteristics between English and Chinese languages and the absence of cultural teaching of animal words in TCFL. Because of the situation, this article is trying to provides some teaching suggestions for Chinese teachers reference.
Key words: Animal Words Category Bias Reason
