微型机床的结构设计
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摘要 本文采用逆向工程，通过对目前市场有的家用小型车床CQ0618*300进行结构反向分析，探索小型机床的机构特征和设计方法。
我国是一个机床拥有量大、 大部分机床役龄长、数控化程度不高的发展中国家。因此，从事机床设计的人员，应不断地把经过实践检验的新理论、新技术、新方法应用到设计中，做到既要技术先进、经济效益好、效率高。要不断的吸收国外的成功经验，做到既要符合我国国情，又要赶超国际水平。要不断的开拓创新，设计和制造出更多的生产率高、静态动态性能好、结构简单、使用方便、维修容易、造型美观、耗能少、成本低的现代化机床。设计本着以上原则进行，尽量向低成本、高效率、简化操作、符合人机工程的方向考虑。
本文主要对机床底座，刀架，导轨，进行设计和改进，通过对车床切削力的计算，选择出车床所需要的步进电机和丝杆，从而将原有机床数控化改进，对机床传动系统改进后，使得机床在单片机控制下实现无级变速，设计出一款国内紧缺的微型的家庭用实惠的数控车床。
关键词：微型车床 结构设计 数控
The structural design of micro machine tools
Abstract In this paper, by using reverse engineering, through the analysis of the current market there is a small lathe household CQ0618*300 structure reverse, institution characteristics and design method of the small machine.
China is a country with large amount of machine tool, machine tool used for long, most of NC level is not high in developing countries. Therefore, the personnel engaged in machine tool design, should continue to put through the application of new theory, new technology, new method to design the test of practice, not only advanced technology, good economic returns, high efficiency. To absorb the successful experience of foreign countries constantly, so as to meet the conditions of our country, but also to catch up with international level. To constant innovation, design and manufacture of high productivity, good static and dynamic performance, simple structure, convenient use, easy repair, beautiful appearance, low energy consumption, low cost of modern machine tool. Design in line with the above principles, as far as possible to the low-cost, high efficiency, simple operation, consider ergonomic direction.
This paper focuses on the base of the machine tool, cutter, guide, design and improvement, based on Calculation of lathe cutting force, choose the lathe to step motor and a screw rod, which will improve the original NC machine tools, the improvement of the machine drive system, makes the machine to realize stepless speed under the control of the microcontroller, design a a domestic shortage of miniature household economical CNC lathe.
Keywords: micro machine tools structure design NC lathe
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1机床工业与国民经济 1
1.2我国机床工业现状 1
1.3本文主要内容 2
第二章 机床的总体设计 2
2.1机床结构布局设计 2
第三章 机床参数设计 2
3.1机床型号及其主要参数 3
3.2 车床详情 3
3.3机床外观 4
3.4传统机床设计中参数设计方法 4
第四章 设计计算 5
4.1传动系统设计 5
4.1.1丝杠选择 6
4.1 2切削力的计算 7
4.1.3 电机的选择 8
4.1.4带轮的设计 9
4.2导轨设计 11
4.2.1导轨的作用和设计要求 11
4.2.2导轨的结构设计 12
第五章 机床支撑件设计 17
5.1机床底座设计 18
结 论 19
致 谢 20
参考文献 21
