地震次生水灾害与水问题应对措施.pdf

目录
一、水库大坝险情应对措施 ................................................................................1
（一）险情检查...............................................................................................................1
1．水库特征检查.....................................................................................................1
2．坝体检查.............................................................................................................1
3．输、泄水洞(管)检查..........................................................................................2
4．溢洪道检查.........................................................................................................2
5．闸门及启闭机检查.............................................................................................2
6．其他设备检查.....................................................................................................2
（二）水情监测...............................................................................................................3
1．上游天气监测与降雨预报.................................................................................3
2．库区水情监测.....................................................................................................3
（三）应急抢险措施.......................................................................................................4
1．土坝漫顶的抢护.................................................................................................4
2．防风浪冲击.........................................................................................................6
3. 土坝脱坡抢护......................................................................................................7
4．滑坡治理.............................................................................................................9
5．护坡措施...........................................................................................................10
6．坝体裂缝处理...................................................................................................11
7．坝体渗漏防治...................................................................................................13
8．散浸、渗漏、漏洞及陷坑抢护.......................................................................15
9．管涌抢护...........................................................................................................19
10．涵洞、管道漏水处理.....................................................................................20
11．涵管、溢洪道下游冲刷处理.........................................................................20
（四）应急预案及实施.................................................................................................20
1．水库下游溃坝影响范围快速评估...................................................................20
2、应急预案编制...................................................................................................21
3、应急指挥机构...................................................................................................21
4、预警和预报发布...............................................................................................21
二、堰塞湖险情应对措施..................................................................................23
（一）堵江堆积体监测.................................................................................................23
（二）堰塞湖应急处理技术.........................................................................................24
1．基本原则...........................................................................................................24
2．现场应急检查...................................................................................................24
3．应急处理技术...................................................................................................25
（三）堰塞湖溃决风险分析.........................................................................................25
1．建立监测系统...................................................................................................25
2．基本信息收集...................................................................................................26
3．稳定和溃坝风险分析.......................................................................................27
4．预警和警报的发布...........................................................................................27
（四）堰塞湖溃决临灾预案.........................................................................................27
1．堰塞湖次生灾害应急预案的宣传...................................................................27
2．堰塞湖灾害应急防范“明白卡” .......................................................................28
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