汽车悬架自动变速器 ------外文翻译.rar

Suspension
The modern of in the car has two kinds of suspension, a kind of suspension is from move , another
a kind of suspension is active of .
From move an a function for, is from spring coil, reducing flapping machine( reduce to the flap ),
leading to organization etc. constituting, it is vibration that impact to dies down roadecause this kind
of can produce the function dint by oneself, therefore call active of .
The active of is more than ten years to develop of, from a kind of new of that computer control, have
three terms:
(1) have to can produce the motive source of the function dint;
(2) carry out a piece can deliver this kind of function dint combines it can continue the work;
(3) have the variety spreads to feel the machine combines to concentrates the relevant data to
micro-computer to proceed to carry to calculate to combine the decision controls the way.Therefore,
active a technique for gathering together mechanics with electronics knowledge, is a kind of high
technique that compare t pass the carriage dint, the reduces from the impact dint but causable loading
system.Among them the spring coil rises primarily the function that deceleration pound at dint, reduce
the main function that flap the machine is a to reduce the vibration.Because this kind of be driven by
outside dint but rise function of, so call from move .
But active a device for of in the control link installing can producing take out moving, adopt a kind of
repress in suppressing the dint by dint the road face the impact dint of the carriage and the inclination
dint of the carriage.B o sophisticate to equip.
For example equip active an axis for of France snow iron dragon mulberry , the car's a system is
speed, carriage that a micro-computer, have on the of the 5 kinds of spreading feels machine,
distinguish to deliver to micro-computer the car soon, the ex- round system moves the pressure and


汽 车 悬 架
现代汽车中的悬架有两种，一种是从动悬架，另一种是主动悬架。
从动悬架即传统式的悬架，是由弹簧、减振器（减振筒）、导向机构等组成，它的功能是减弱路
面传给车身的冲击力，衰减由冲击力而引起的承载系统的振动。其中弹簧主要起减缓冲击力的
作用，减振器的主要作用是衰减振动。由于这种悬架是由外力驱动而起作用的，所以称为从动
悬架。
而主动悬架的控制环节中安装了能够产生抽动的装置，采用一种以力抑力的方式来抑制路面对
车身的冲击力及车身的倾斜力。由于这种悬架能够自行产生作用力，因此称为主动悬架。
主动悬架是近十几年发展起来的，由电脑控制的一种新型悬架，具备三个条件：
（1）具有能够产生作用力的动力源；
（2）执行元件能够传递这种作用力并能连续工作；
（3）具有多种传感器并将有关数据集中到微电脑进行运算并决定控制方式。因此，主动悬架汇
集了力学和电子学的技术知识，是一种比较复杂的高技术装置。
例如装置了主动悬架的法国雪铁龙桑蒂雅，该车悬架系统的中枢是一个微电脑，悬架上有 5 种
传感器，分别向微电脑传送车速、前轮制动压力、踏动油门踏板的速度、车身垂直方向的振幅
及频率、转向盘角度及转向速度等数据。电脑不断接收这些数据并与预先设定的临界值进行比
较，选择相应的悬架状态。同时，微电脑独立控制每一只车轮上的执行元件，通过控制减振器
内油压的变化产生抽动，从而能在任何时候、任何车轮上产生符合要求的悬架运动。因此，桑
蒂雅桥车备有多种驾驶模式选择，驾车者只要扳动位于副仪表板上的“正常”或“运动”按钮，
轿车就会自动设置在最佳的悬架状态，以求最好的舒适性能。
另外，主动悬架具有控制车身运动的功能。当汽车制动或拐弯时的惯性引起弹簧变形时，主动
悬架会产生一个与惯力相对抗的力，减少车身位置的变化。例如德国奔驰2000款CL型臔@担?br>当车辆拐弯时悬架传感器会立即检测出车身的倾斜和横向加速度，电脑根据传感器的信息，与
预先设定的临界值进行比较计算，立即确定在什么位置上将多大的负载加到悬架上，使车身的
倾斜减到最小。