河流洪水风险管理策略【外文翻译】.docx

河流洪水风险管理策略【外文翻译】

包括英文原文和中文翻译


Balancing flood risk and development in the flood plain: the Lower Thames Flood Risk Management Strategy

Abstract
Following the severe flooding experienced by mainland Europe in 2000 the UK Government in 2005 published its policy document Making Space for Water one of the aims of which is to deliver the greatest environmental social and economic benefit consistent with the Government’s sustainable development principles. To facilitate this holistic approach the Environment Agency was given an overarching strategic overview across all flooding and coastal erosion risks.
The Environment Agency’s Lower Thames Flood Risk Management Strategy covers one of the largest and most at risk developed but undefended flood plains in England with 21000 properties and approximately 50000 people currently at a 0.5% annual exceedance probability (AEP) flood risk or higher. The consequences of flooding in the area would be severe with floods lasting up to two weeks. Major flooding would cause severe disruption and likely traffic grid-lock to key highways suspend several major drinking water abstractions supplying London and threaten up to 20 local electricity sub-stations. It is predicted that climate change impacts will double flood damages in a 0.5% AEP flood event from the current level of ￡850 million to some ￡2 billion by 2055 with the number of properties at flood risk reaching 35000.
The key objective of the Lower Thames Strategy was to identify sustainable solutions to reduce flood risk to people and property whilst ensuring compliance under the EU Water framework Directive (WFD) and Habitats Directive. This had to be achieved by minimising disruption to infrastructure and services protecting and enhancing sites of nature conservation and biodiversity and by maintaining biological quality and sediment regime of rivers.
Crown Copyright :2014 Published by Elsevier Urban & Partner Sp. z o.o. on behalf of European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of Polish Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Flood plain Flood channels Flood risk management Flooding River Thames
Water framework Directive 。。。


泰晤士河下游洪水风险管理策略
摘要：
继2000年欧洲大陆经历了严重的洪涝灾害，英国政府在2005年公布的政策文制定空间水政策，目的之一是为了提供最大的环境，社会和经济利益，其二是与政府的可持续发展的原则一致。为了促进这一整体方案，环境署被赋予所有洪水和海岸侵蚀风险的总体战略概述。
环境署泰晤士河下游洪水风险管理策略包括了英国最大和最危险但是不设防洪泛的发展地区之一，目前有21000户大约50000人处于0.5％概率甚至更高洪水风险之下。持续长达两个星期的洪水在该地区造成的后果将会十分严重。大洪水会造成严重的破坏和可能的交通网和高速公路的关闭，暂停伦敦几大饮用水取水供给和威胁多达20个地方电力分站。据预测，气候变化的影响将会造成2倍于现阶段0.5％概率洪水的破坏，将会造成从现阶段8.5亿英镑到2055年大概20亿英镑的损失，同时遭受洪水风险的住户将达到35000户。
泰晤士河风险管理策略的主要目标是确定可持续的解决方案，以减少洪水风险，人员和财产损失，同时确保遵守欧盟水框架条款（WFD）和栖息地方针。。。